Word Building

Master the art of creating new words through prefixes, suffixes, root words, and compound formation

What is Word Building?

Word building is the process of creating new words by combining existing word parts like prefixes, suffixes, and root words. It's a powerful way to expand your vocabulary and understand how words are constructed in English. By learning word building techniques, you can decode unfamiliar words and create new ones.

Methods of Word Building

1. Prefixes

Definition

Word parts added to the beginning of words

Examples

un-, re-, pre-, dis-, mis-

Usage

Change meaning or create opposites

Sentence

The unhappy child was misbehaving.

2. Suffixes

Definition

Word parts added to the end of words

Examples

-ly, -ness, -ful, -less, -tion

Usage

Change word class or add meaning

Sentence

The teacher spoke carefully about happiness.

3. Root Words

Definition

Base words that carry core meaning

Examples

act, form, port, struct, dict

Usage

Foundation for building complex words

Sentence

The actor performed an action actively.

4. Compound Words

Definition

Words made from two or more words

Examples

sunshine, homework, basketball

Usage

Combine meanings to create new concepts

Sentence

The homework was done in the sunshine.

Common Prefixes and Suffixes

Common Prefixes

un-(not, opposite) - unhappy, unfair
re-(again, back) - rewrite, return
pre-(before) - preview, prepare
dis-(not, opposite) - disagree, disappear
mis-(wrongly) - misunderstand, misbehave

Common Suffixes

-ly(adverb) - quickly, happily
-ness(noun) - happiness, kindness
-ful(full of) - beautiful, helpful
-less(without) - careless, hopeless
-tion(noun) - education, creation

Interactive Quiz 1: Identify Word Parts

Break down these words into their parts:

1. "Unhappiness" = _____ + _____ + _____

Show Answer

Answer: un- + happy + -ness

2. "Misunderstanding" = _____ + _____ + _____

Show Answer

Answer: mis- + understand + -ing

3. "Preparations" = _____ + _____ + _____

Show Answer

Answer: pre- + prepare + -ation + -s

Interactive Quiz 2: Create New Words

Add prefixes or suffixes to create new words:

1. Add "un-" to "happy" = _____

Show Answer

Answer: unhappy

2. Add "-ness" to "kind" = _____

Show Answer

Answer: kindness

3. Add "re-" to "write" = _____

Show Answer

Answer: rewrite

Interactive Quiz 3: Compound Word Formation

Combine words to create compound words:

1. "Sun" + "shine" = _____

Show Answer

Answer: sunshine

2. "Home" + "work" = _____

Show Answer

Answer: homework

3. "Basket" + "ball" = _____

Show Answer

Answer: basketball

Interactive Quiz 4: Word Building Challenge

Build words using these word parts:

Use: "re-" + "form" + "-ation"

Show Answer

Answer: reformation

Use: "un-" + "forget" + "-able"

Show Answer

Answer: unforgettable

Use: "pre-" + "determine" + "-ed"

Show Answer

Answer: predetermined

Notes:

  • • Word building helps you understand unfamiliar words by breaking them down into familiar parts
  • • Prefixes usually change the meaning of words, while suffixes often change the word class
  • • Compound words can be written as one word, hyphenated, or as separate words
  • • Learning common prefixes and suffixes can help you decode thousands of new words
  • • Root words often come from Latin or Greek and appear in many English words

Important Rules for Word Building

1

Spelling Changes

Sometimes adding prefixes or suffixes requires spelling changes (e.g., happy → happiness, beauty → beautiful).

2

Meaning Changes

Prefixes can completely change a word's meaning (e.g., possible → impossible, like → dislike).

3

Word Class Changes

Suffixes often change a word from one part of speech to another (e.g., quick → quickly, happy → happiness).

Quick Reference

Methods:4 main types
Function:Create new words
Difficulty:Intermediate

Pro Tip

Learning just 20 common prefixes and suffixes can help you understand thousands of new words!